Bretton Woods: The Deal That Made the Dollar King
About This Video
In July 1944, while World War II still raged, 730 delegates from 44 nations met at Bretton Woods to redesign the global monetary system in just three weeks. This documentary traces the collapse of the interwar order, the rival plans of John Maynard Keynes and Harry Dexter White, and the compromise that placed the US dollar at the center of world finance. It explains how gold convertibility, fixed exchange rates, the IMF, and the World Bank were meant to stabilize trade without simply rebuilding the old gold standard. It also examines why the system stumbled at first, why it later powered a postwar golden age, and how the Triffin dilemma, adjustment asymmetry, and rising US inflation undermined it. When President Nixon closed the gold window in 1971, Bretton Woods began to disappear, but its institutions and the dollar-centered world it created survived.
Chapters
0:00 – Bretton Woods in Wartime
0:47 – How the Interwar Order Collapsed
2:06 – Keynes vs. White: Two Rival Plans
3:26 – Gold or the Dollar
3:58 – How the Bretton Woods System Worked
4:54 – Cold War Fractures and a Stumbling Start
5:55 – The Golden Age and the System’s Fatal Flaws
8:15 – The Nixon Shock and Bretton Woods’ Legacy
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